期刊名称: |
GPS Solutions |
全部作者: |
Yanyan Liu*,Yidong Lou*,Shirong Ye,et al |
出版年份: |
2017 |
卷 号: |
DOI: 10.1007/s10291-017-0641-6 |
期 号: |
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页 码: |
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Although integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) can
improve positioning accuracy considerably and shorten the
convergence time of precise point positioning (PPP), it
requires an initialization time of over 30 min. With the full
operation of GLONASS globally and BDS in the Asia–
Pacific region, it is necessary to assess the PPP–IAR per-
formance by simultaneous fixing of GPS, GLONASS, and
BDS ambiguities. This study proposed a GPS ? GLO-
NASS ? BDS combined PPP–IAR strategy and processed
PPP–IAR kinematically and statically using one week of
data collected at 20 static stations. The undifferenced wide-
and narrow-lane fractional cycle biases for GPS, GLO-
NASS, and BDS were estimated using a regional network,
and undifferenced PPP ambiguity resolution was performed
to assess the contribution of multi-GNSSs. Generally, over
99% of a posteriori residuals of wide-lane ambiguities were
within ±0.25 cycles for both GPS and BDS, while the value
was 91.5% for GLONASS. Over 96% of narrow-lane
residuals were within ±0.15 cycles for GPS, GLONASS,
and BDS. For kinematic PPP with a 10-min observation
time, only 16.2% of all cases could be fixed with GPS alone.
However, adding GLONASS improved the percentage
considerably to 75.9%, and it reached 90.0% when using
GPS ? GLONASS ? BDS. Not all epochs could be fixed
with a correct set of ambiguities; therefore, we defined the
ratio of the number of epochs with correctly fixed ambi-
guities to the number of all fixed epochs as the correct fixing
rate (CFR). Because partial ambiguity fixing was used,
when more than five ambiguities were fixed correctly, we
considered the epoch correctly fixed. For the small ratio
criteria of 2.0, the CFR improved considerably from 51.7%
for GPS alone, to 98.3% when using GPS ? GLO-
NASS ? BDS combined solutions.